Mexican immigration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Mexican immigration - Essay Example The laws certainly apply to all when they are broken. The federal government, to no one’s surprise, has been no help. For example, the Bush administration has long supported some form of amnesty which has enraged those that are opposed to illegal aliens living, working or going to school in the U.S. On the other hand, the administration also endorses the PATRIOT Act which denies constitutionally guaranteed rights to all people and further punishes immigrants in the effort to win the ‘war on terror.’ The ‘right’ answer escapes the government and many others as well because of the issue’s many complexities. This discussion will examine the immigration debate from a legal, economic and social view. It will present the administration’s answer to the problem along with an opposing opinion. It will also speak to laws germane to the debate including a brief review of the PATRIOT Act, the Fifth Amendment regarding due process and the Fourteenth Amendment which relates to automatic citizenship by birth. While on a recent visit to Arizona, President Bush tried to explain his position on immigration. â€Å"Nobody should be given an automatic citizenship. That’s called amnesty.† Bush’s vision of a ‘path to citizenship’ has been characterized by some as too stringent a requirement for hard-working families who only desire to become citizens by some and pure amnesty, a free pass by others. White House Press Secretary Tony Snow explained illegal aliens allowed to stay under the president’s plan will pay fines and back-taxes, avoid criminal activities and maintain continuous employment. They must remain current with payments of current and future taxes and carry a tamper-proof identification. â€Å"And when all of that is done, you get to go to the back of the line, and you wait, what, 11 years or more for a chance to become a citizen, at the end of which you have to

Organizational Performance Management Essay Example for Free

Organizational Performance Management Essay Each Learning Team member must select a different type of health care organization to study for the purpose of this group assignment. You are encouraged to select a different type of organization from the one chosen in the Week Three individual assignment but it’s not necessary. Group members compare their chosen organizations to complete the table and paper. Resources: Organizational Performance Management Table and Paper Grading Criteria and University of Phoenix Material: Organizational Performance Management Table Conduct a group discussion and address the following points: Â · Summarize the type of health care organization you selected. Â · Compare the main regulatory and accreditation standards that apply to each type of organization and identify standards that apply broadly to most or all types of health care organizations. Â · Discuss the influence of regulatory and accreditation standards on performance-management systems. Â · Discuss how the performance-management systems affect risk and quality management in each type of organization. Â · Identify key areas in the organization that will have direct responsibility for carrying out the day-to-day responsibilities associated with the regulations or standards. Â · Identify other areas in the organization that will be indirectly affected by the regulations or standards. Â · Outline what oversight activities you could use to ensure that the regulatory and accreditation requirements are being implemented and are achieving the desired results. Collaborate to write a 1,400- to 1,750-word paper in which you address the following points: Â · Address the similarities and differences among the types of organizations. Â · Follow the link Now for full guide https://bitly.com/1DNjhaY Look into attending community college for your first year or two. By taking your basic core studies at a community college, you can save a considerable amount of money. You can then transfer all of your credits to a university of your choice. If the cost of a 4-year degree is beyond what you can afford, this is a good option. General Questions General General Questions Each Learning Team member must select a different type of health care organization to study for the purpose of this group assignment. You are encouraged to select a different type of organization from the one chosen in the Week Three individual assignment but it’s not necessary. Group members compare their chosen organizations to complete the table and paper. Resources: Organizational Performance Management Table and Paper Grading Criteria and University of Phoenix Material: Organizational Performance Management Table Conduct a group discussion and address the following points: Â · Summarize the type of health care organization you selected. Â · Compare the main regulatory and accreditation standards that apply to each type of organization and identify standards that apply broadly to most or all types of health care organizations. Â · Discuss the influence of regulatory and accreditation standards on performance-management systems. Â · Discuss how the performance-management systems affect risk and quality management in each type of organization. Â · Identify key areas in the organization that will have direct responsibility for carrying out the day-to-day responsibilities associated with the regulations or standards. Â · Identify other areas in the organization that will be indirectly affected by the regulations or standards. Â · Outline what oversight activities you could use to ensure that the regulatory and accreditation requirements are being implemented and are achieving the desired results. Collaborate to write a 1,400- to 1,750-word paper in which you address the following points: Â · Address the similarities and differences among the types of organizations. Â · Propose how each organization will monitor performance, achieve regulatory and accreditation compliance, and improve overall organizational performance.

The Scarlet Letter Essay -- Literature

In The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorne analyzes Hester, Dimmesdale, and Chillingworth. In the story, Hester is the main character of the story and was called Mistress Prynne (Hawthorne 70). Dimmesdale, in the story was referred to as Reverend Dimmesdale (Hawthorne 90). Chillingworth was originally named, Roger Prynne but later in the story he changed his name to Roger Chillingworth. In the story, Hester committed adultery with Dimmesdale against Chillingworth and in the beginning she got punished and sent to prison and later she got to get out of prison but with the exception of having to wear the letter A on her breast every time she went out in to town. In The Scarlet Letter, Hester is the main character. Hester is referred to as â€Å"Mistress Prynne† (Hawthorne 70). The Scarlet Letter also mentions she is holding her three month old baby, Pearl, in her arms who winked and turned her head by the sun’s rays (Hawthorne 71). She is described as having an elaborate embroidery and fantastic flourishes of gold thread â€Å"letter A† on the breast of her gown (Hawthorne 71). Hester was also a tall woman (Hawthorne 72). Her hair was dark and abundant her hair shined while the sunshine gleamed off her hair (Hawthorne 72). Hester had a marked brow and dark black eyes (Hawthorne 72). Hester Prynne is often described as a lady-like person (Hawthorne 72). Hester’s role in the story is described as sleeping with a priest and got accused of committing adultery and got punished by having to wear a scarlet letter â€Å"A† on the breast of her gown (Hawthorne 71). Hester Prynne’s punishment is to go to prison and then with her child, Pearl, go and stand out on the platform in front of everybody wearing her scarlet letter on the breast of her gown (Howells). Hester... ...1. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 2 Feb. 2012. Reid, Bethany. "Narrative of the Captivity and Redemption of Roger Prynne: Rereading The Scarlet Letter." Studies in the Novel 33.3 (Fall 2001): 247-267. Rpt. in Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Ed. Jessica Bomarito and Russel Whitaker. Vol. 158. Detroit: Gale, 2006. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 3 Feb. 2012. Symons, Arthur. "Nathaniel Hawthorne." Studies in Prose and Verse. E. P. Dutton & Co., 1904. 52-62. Rpt. in Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Ed. Laurie Lanzen Harris. Vol. 2. Detroit: Gale Research, 1982. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 3 Feb. 2012. Tamkang Review. "John Updike's S." Tamkang Review 25.3-4 (Spring-Summer 1995): 379-405. Rpt. in Twentieth-Century Literary Criticism. Ed. Janet Witalec. Vol. 126. Detroit: Gale, 2002. Literature Resources from Gale. Web. 2 Feb. 2012.

Dell Case Study Essay -- Business and Management Studies

Dell Case study. In this report we are going to analyse the business environment of the computer industry in the form of a PESTE which stands for Political, Economical, Social-Cultural, Technological and Environmental. We feel that it is important to analyse the environment of a business as it will help the business to identify the Opportunities and Threats surrounding it. Using the case study of Dell we have identified the following opportunities and threats of the computer industry. Political There are a number of political issues, that large organisations such as Dell must consider when expanding or operating in different countries. Obviously government in the western world have different ideals to the countries in other regions. Rules and regulations in different countries would reflect their different ideals; so in order for companies to be successful, they must have a good understanding about how different governments operate. As stated in the case, patents and trademarks are prevalent in the computer industry, so it is important for organisations to develop good relations with different governments. Other elements that must be considered include: Currency exchange rates, taxation and employment law, labour conditions and political stabilities. Organisations should also understand different governments’ attitudes towards monopolies and competition. Economical Opportunities: 1) The computer industry is predicted to continue to grow in volume over the years. It is expected to grow between 15-20% over the next 3-5 years. This is influenced by the development of the internet and the global expansion opportunities. 2) The foreign markets like Asia and china were previously not accessible due to their political and economical environment. However the situation has changed eliminating barriers thus is now readily accessible; this is a big opportunity for the computer industry to grow in these regions. Threats: 1) Economical changes around the world can affect the computer industry. The biggest threat to the industry is the instability of the world market, for example Dell opened a new manufacturing facility in Brazil and the changes in the South American economical conditions could thus affect the company. 2) The currency fluctuation in different regions can affec... ...mation Ltd (2003) â€Å"European IT chiefs plan more investment in 2004 (analysts' views)† Computer Weekly, 9th of September - Ziff Davis Media Inc (2003) â€Å"HP Promotes PC Recycling† eWeek, 6th of February - Reed Business Information Ltd (2003) â€Å"Suppliers introduce price incentives to get users to invest in the latest PC hardware† Computer Weekly, 14th October - Simon Quicke (2003) â€Å"Suppliers' views; Top supply executives predict market upturn† Computer Weekly, 9th September, Reed Business Information Ltd - Adam Lashinsky (2000) â€Å"The Wired Investor: Once the drivers of the great bull market, PC makers have seen their stocks battered and bruised. The question is: Do they still deserve a place in your portfolio† Fortune, 18th December - Ben Elgin (2003) â€Å"Hitting the Delete on Compaq† Business Week, 14th of April, The McGraw-Hill Companies - Ziff Davis Media Inc (2003) â€Å"Dell Entering Consumer Electronics Market† eWeek, 25th of September - Andrew Park; Faith Keenan; Cliff Edwards (2002) â€Å"Whose Lunch will Dell Eat Next? Now, it's moving into printers, storage, and handhelds† Business Week, 12th of August, The McGraw-Hill Companies

Epic Rivalry: The Inside Story of the Soviet and American Space Race Essay

Outer space, in a wider sense, can be considered both a beauty and a mystery. From the conception of the universe such as the â€Å"Big Bang Theory†, to the discovery of the different planets through powerful telescopes, nothing proves to be more ambitious than to have â€Å"manned† explorations on outer space. Indeed, when Sputnik was launched in outer space in 1957, it triggered the so-called â€Å"space race† between the America and the Soviet Union. The race began with Sputnik in 1957 and culminated by walking on the moon of Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong in 1969. The book, Epic Rivalry: The inside Story of the Soviet and American Space Race, narrates the space race of these two powerful nations during the Cold War. Written by Von Hardesty, a Smithsonian guardian or curator; and Gene Eisman, it showed how the compelling rivalry had played a significant role in space exploration both with Russian and with the American point of view. The book also showed scores of unpublished, exceptional, and powerful photographs and the apprehensive drama of the two nation’s progress with Soviet Union’s Nikita Khrushchev and America’s John F. Kennedy at center stage. The foreword, written by Sergei Khrushchev, was eventually the son of Soviet Union premier Nikita Khrushchev The title of the book was also significant: the main title, Epic Rivalry, focused on the premature heated antagonism between the United States and the Soviet Union. The duration of the conflict started in 1957 when Sputnik went to outer space up to the Apollo landing on the moon in 1969. The book covered a balance, straightforward, and a chronological assessment of that period including the events during the 1940’s and 1950’s that led to the birth of the Space Age. The central characters of the book were Wernher von Braun and Sergei Korolev, and supported by other astronauts, cosmonauts, engineers, and even politician of that time. The chapters were separated by two and four paged sidebars on topics that were technical such as atomic propulsion, and orbital mechanics. Several photographs were also included, black and white and also of colored nature, upon which some came from Russia and rarely been published. The subtitle of the book, â€Å"The inside Story of the Soviet and American Space Race†, revealed the â€Å"inside stories† behind the space race though some people who lived on that era may know the story behind it. These could be eminent since the book relied on secondary sources such as articles, books, and only a few based on the endnotes can be attributed to primary sources such as interviews, and historical documents. Except for the foreword, written by Sergei Khrushchev who once worked as an engineer in the era of the space program, that offered an inside account of the early Soviet Union’s space program. The narrative point of view of the author had a twofold approach: to restructure the corresponding universes of the Russian and the American space exploration programs, and then to recognize how these two separate nations interacted in a fateful and necessary means. The apparent race became the point of study in a contrasted approach. The author emphasized that both nations had used their corresponding military technology to structure their space programs. The Russian developed their space program in absolute secrecy and concealment, even the long term and specific goals, not to mention their leader in the space program were never divulged, while the Americans remained unfasten and depended on public support except for the military aspects of their space programs. Aside from these, the book also examined the key role of politics and the significant political figures in shaping the route of the space exploration program. The key person on the Soviet side was Premier Nikita Khrushchev who took an ardent interest in the space exploration programs seeing the potential of the propaganda â€Å"space first†. The United States was not as keen at the beginning on the space program with Dwight Eisenhower being hesitant on the expensiveness of the program. The U. S. took cautions on their space programs until John F. Kennedy presided over Eisenhower and made considerable turn-around on their space programs. He eventually pushed through the program when the Soviet Union launched Sputnik, the first manned orbital journey, and with the context of the then Cold War. Thus, Kennedy committed to the U. S. to send the first humans on the moon. His advocacy was clearly supported by Lyndon Johnson and followed by Richard Nixon. Also included on the book were the talented engineers, scientists, and managers whose creative and ingenious works had helped significantly the development of their nation’s respective space programs. Notable were the two main characters of the book: Wernher von Braun who came to the U. S. at the end of World War II together with the group of experienced German rocket technicians. His team contributed much to the advancement of the rocket program of the United States. Afterwards, James Webb together with capable administrators oversaw the space program of NASA. On the other side, Sergei Korolev (also known as the inexplicable â€Å"Principal Designer†) headed the Soviet Union’s space program. Located at the remote area of Baikonur spaceport, he worked also with highly competent and motivated engineers and designers. Both nations eagerly pursued their space programs collectively with missile development and research. The space travelers were also central in the book such as Yuri Gagarin of Russia, Alexei and Titov Leonov of Germany; John Glenn, Alan Shepard, and Gus Grissom of the United States. All of them displayed exceptional skills and courage and therefore gained popularity. The Apollo 11 mission, wherein Glenn, Shepard, and Grissom were the astronauts, had brought almost a decade of space race between the Russia and the United States to a remarkable conclusion. From the standpoint of technological advancement, the book effectively described how the two powerful nations had engaged in a subsequent â€Å"race† towards the space explorations. The different relevant factors were clearly included such as the engineers, scientists, politicians, astronauts and cosmonauts. Though much of the book used secondary sources, there were some primary sources that can be seen on the endnotes and those people who lived on that era would actually now what transpired even not reading the book. There were also some errors such as the statement that the MIR remained in orbit from 1971 to 2001 (Hardesty and Eisman p. 249) or some minor slip-up such as referring to the map of Kennedy Space Flight Center (Hardesty and Eisman p. 159). But nonetheless, the book displayed the relevant story behind the space exploration between two power nations: both in the context of the American and of the Russian point of view. These undertaking started what seemed to be the present space age and will effectively give aspirations and relevant information to the youth of today. Works Cited Hardesty, Von and Eisman, Gene. Epic Rivalry: The Inside Story of the Soviet and American Space Race. Random House Publishing. September 2008.

The natural resource base of a country is fundamental to any explanation of its level of national economic development Essays

The natural resource base of a country is fundamental to any explanation of its level of national economic development Essays The natural resource base of a country is fundamental to any explanation of its level of national economic development Essay The natural resource base of a country is fundamental to any explanation of its level of national economic development Essay Essay Topic: Fun Home In this essay I aim to show the true importance of natural resource to the economic growth of a country. I will be discussing Japans and Canadas economic situation as well as comparing it to Saudi Arabia in relation to the availability of natural resources. Indicators such as GNP per capita, Literacy rates, and the countries exports and imports will be studied to help suggest if a natural resource base is fundamental to national economic development of a county. Natural resources are a vital part in the development of the Worlds economy. There is lack of theory in terms of generalising about the relationship between resources and development. Japan is a good example. As explained Japan is a very rich economic country. Manufacturing is its strength but it has few natural resources. The countries successful economy is based on the export of high quality consumer goods developed with the latest technologies for example Toyota, Sony, Fujifilm and Panasonic are famous across the globe. One common pattern is for Japanese companies to import raw materials and then process them to make finished products, which are sold domestically or exported. In an often cited statement 1 (e.g. Cairns, 1994, p 782) Erich Zimmerman wrote resources are not; they become. Meaning that natural resources have no value until labour and capital is applied. Japan has one of the largest export based economies. Japan is 5th in the world for largest export of goods 2 $538.8 b illion (2004 est). In reference to table 1 it can be seen that machinery is Japans biggest export. Japan relies heavily on other countries for resources. Japans main agricultural product is rice, and most rice eaten in Japan is home-grown. Since Japan has little arable land compared to its population, it cannot grow enough wheat, soybeans, or other major crops to feed all its citizens. In fact, Japan has one of the lowest rates of food self-sufficiency of all industrialized countries. 5 Only 15% of Japans land is suitable for cultivation. This means it has to import a high percentage of its food from abroad. Japan is the largest market for US exports. Japan has had to build its enormous industrial output and high standard of living on a very low natural resource base. Industry, the most important sector of the economy, is heavily dependent on imported raw materials and fuels. Mostly in terms of fossil fuels, particularly oil. It imports 90% of its oil. Due to the fact that In Japan they supply less that 1% of countries demand. Japan has more oil refining than oil production, and more oil consumption than oil refining. Looking at Table 2 it is notable that Japan is also very short on metal and mineral resources. With Machinery and Mineral fuels being one of the major imports. Japans imports of goods is to the value of $401.8 billion. Meaning Japan is making money from developing the imported primary material then processing these resources to export the manufactured goods. Despite Japan having a very poor resource base it is the 3rd largest economy in the world after USA and China. It has huge amounts of economic power, and its average income levels and standard of living are among the highest in the world.6 Japan GNP per Capita is $29,400 (2004 est.) 99% of the population are literate. 7For 3 decades economic growth has been spectacular 10% average in 1960s, 5% in the 70s and in 1980 4% growth. It is world leading in high technology, industry and has a strong work ethic. Industry is the most important sector of economy. Only 6% of the labour force engage in agriculture while 70% of the labour force, are in the service sector. Japan is among worlds largest and technologically advanced producers of motor vehicles, electronic equipment, machine tools, steel and nonferrous metals, ships, chemicals, textiles, processed foods. Japan is a prime example of that a natural resource base is not fundamental to a countrys development. Its the ability to use and convert these natural resources for example iron ore into steal. 8Blessed with natural resources. From another perspective, the theory of development says that natural resource base is positive in the terms of the benefits for a country. For example Canada has a rich natural resource base. Its an extremely affluent, high tech industrial society with high standards of living. When looking at indicators Canada can be seen as a well developed country. GNP per capita is at an impressive $31,500. This ranks above Japan. The literacy rate for the population is 98%. 9 It has been said that the countrys high income and high standard of living is that its export of natural resource financed the growth and diversification of its national economy in a very beneficial way (Sheppard Barnes). Iron ore, nickel, and zinc, copper, gold, lead, molybdenum, potash, diamonds, silver, fish, timber, wildlife, coal, petroleum, natural gas and hydropower are the main resources. These natural resources along with skilled labour and capital help to secure solid economical prospects. However Canada does not just export these primary resources, it uses them to produce manufactured goods such as; motor vehicles and parts, industrial machinery, aircraft, telecommunications equipment, chemicals and fertilizers along with its natural resources such as timber.10Canada has a large amount of exports $315.6 billion. It is Ranked 10th in the world.It imports $256.1 billion. Canada mainly imports machinery and equipment, motor vehicles, crude oil and chemicals.11 Canada gains more capita from exporting than importing this is why it is an economically developed country with a GDP of $31,500- exports counting approximately for one third of this. Its exporting of natural resources and manufactured goods, has created a high level of economic development within Canada. This helps show that a good natural resource base is important to economic growth. It has been assumed that possessing natural resources benefits a country. However, experience has shown that for most developing countries possessing natural resources has not made them economically strong. Nowhere, is this more obvious than in the oil industry.12 This trend has been identified the resource curse by Richard Auty (1995). For example Saudi Arabia is the largest exporter of oil in the world. It holds 25% of the worlds oil reserves. It makes more money from exporting petroleum and petroleum products than importing machinery, textiles, foodstuffs, motor vehicles and chemicals, 13its GDP is only $12 000- 40% of this and 90% of its oil earnings. 14Saudi Arabia holds a huge dependence on oil. In the past the demand for oil slowed and pulled oil prices down by more than a 1/3 causing Saudi Arabia economic uncertainty. In comparison although Saudi Arabia has this natural resource base, it fails to develop. Countries like the USA and Canada use technology and capital to exploit the natural resources to produce manufactured goods. Then use trade and exchange to create a profit. It does not use natural resources alone. As stated before this is shown from Canada GNP per capita of $31,500 which is relatively high in comparison to Saudi Arabia with a GNP per capita of $12,000 who just uses solely depends on its exports of oil. Japan a country with resource deficiency has GNP per capita of $29,400 because it gains access through trade and exchange. This shows that economic resource base is not always fundamental to a countries development. In conclusion it can be seen from the countries of Canada, Japan and Saudi Arabia that a natural resource base is not always fundamental to the countrys level of economic development. One of the key issues that have been identified is that it is the access to natural resources through trade and exchange that is important. The use of technology, labour and capital thereafter produces manufactured goods that can then be exported resulting in strong economic growth. Depending on a natural resource alone is not enough to sustain economic development. Sheppard and Barnes (2003) help to summarise to a certain degree that natural resource base is not always fundamental to a countrys level of economic growth 15 It appears that the location of resource deposits is almost irrelevant to where geographically those resources will be used. Not natural resources alone that facilitate growth its right technology, the right culture, and the right markets.

Foreshadowing Quotes Analysis in Rebecca Essays

Foreshadowing Quotes Analysis in Rebecca Essays Foreshadowing Quotes Analysis in Rebecca Paper Foreshadowing Quotes Analysis in Rebecca Paper Essay Topic: Rebecca There were never any complaints when Mrs.. De Winter was alive. Page 8) Instinctively I thought, She is comparing me to Rebecca; and sharp as a sword the shadow came between us. (Page 8) This is the first mention about Rebecca. It is the first quote that introduces that Mrs.. De Winter Is constantly compared to Rebecca. The sword represents a battle and the shadow between them shows a sharp change in mood. I was a person of Importance; I was grown up at last. That girl, who, tortured by shyness, would stand outside the sitting-room door twisting a handkerchief In her ands, while from within came that babble of confused chatter so unnerving to the intrudershe had gone with the wind that afternoon. She was a poor creature, and I thought of her with scorn If I considered her at all. (Chapter 4) This quotes demonstrates the foreshadow placed on the theme of her growing up to become a woman. What gulf of years stretched between him and that other time, what deed of thought and action, what difference In temperament? I did not want to know. I wished I had not come. (Chapter 4) This Is the first quote that shows that Maxim loses his temper badly. This character weakness In character foreshadows how his temper will cause a problem In the future. : He becomes a different man. The word lingered In the air once I had uttered It, dancing before me, and because he received It silently, making no comment, the word magnified Itself Into something heinous and appalling, a forbidden word, unnatural to the tongue. And I could not call It back, It could never be unsaid. Once again I saw the Inscription on the fly-leaf of that book of poems, and the curious slanting R. I felt sick at heart and cold. He would never forgive me, and his would be the end of our friendship. Chapter 5) Foreshadows how Rebecca will be the cause of the end of [their] relationship. The gulf between us had been bridged after all. I was to call him Maxim. (Chapter 5) Gulf Is a body of water. This Is not the first time that It Is mention to describe their relationship. Gulfs are larger bays. The bay Is where Rebecca died, and the gulf between them can be Interpreted as Rebecca being between the relationships. Foreshadowing Quotes Analysis in Rebecca By temper first quote that introduces that Mrs.. De Winter is constantly compared to Rebecca. I was a person of importance; I was grown up at last. That girl, who, tortured by shyness, would stand outside the sitting-room door twisting a handkerchief in her thought of her with scorn if I considered her at all. (Chapter 4) This quotes thought and action, what difference in temperament? I did not want to know. I wished I had not come. (Chapter 4) This is the first quote that shows that Maxim loses his temper badly. This character weakness in character foreshadows how his temper will cause a problem in the future. He becomes a different man. The word lingered in he air once I had uttered it, dancing before me, and because he received it silently, making no comment, the word magnified itself into something heinous and appalling, a forbidden word, unnatural to the tongue. And I could not call it back, it could never be unsaid. Once again I saw the inscription on the fly-leaf of that book of poems, and bridged after all. I was to call him Maxim. (Chapter 5) Gulf is a body of water. This is not the first time that it is mention to describe their relationship. Gulfs are larger bays. The bay is where Rebecca died, and the gulf between them can be interpreted.

The Naivete of Candide essays

The Naivete of Candide essays The Naivet of Candide as Exemplified by His Experiences in El Dorado Innocent, inexperienced, ingenuous. Candide is the personification of naivet. Amidst his travels and adventures Candide represents the folly of optimism. Upon his arrival in the clandestine utopian country, Candide is in awe of El Dorado. A place that not only is aesthetically beautiful, but also provides its citizens with endless foods, jewels and pleasures. Pleasures that are otherwise the cause of unending terror and disaccord as experienced by Candide and his cohorts throughout the rest of Europe. As displayed by his reaction to El Dorado and its people, Candide floundered with the philosophy of Pangloss that this world is the best of all possible worlds. Voltaire created El Dorado as a contrast to a number of fallacies within European scoiety at the time. Fallacies including the imperfections of European governments, the hypocrisies of religion, and the inability for Candide to be content with the utopia that was El Dorado. After Candide and Cacambo arrived in El Dorado, they instantly were shocked by the citizens apparent aloof attitude towards jewels and gold. They stood agape as a group of children and their headmaster casually left the seemingly prized riches on the ground. Candide made the assumption that the children playing with these riches must be children of the king. However, as he quickly learned, the people of El Dorado had no attachments to material items nor were they ruled by a king of extreme wealth and power. Throughout the rest of Europe, many countries were ruled by monarchies or other government systems that maintained a state of superiority, wealth and power. Candide was accustomed to living within a class system where ones status dictated the potentials of their lifestyle. Voltaires El Dorado was the antithesis of these practices. When Candide and Cacambo were receive...

Epidemiology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Epidemiology - Essay Example The most important objective is to make assessment about the injury incidence among Sri Lankan flight attendants and to depict the elements of onboard injuries (Agampodi, Dharmaratne and Agampodi, 2009, p. 1-2). The purpose of a good analytical technique is to be able to enumerate precisely each of the unidentified quantities that the laboratory will have to settle on (Maumy, Boulanger, Dewe, Gilbert and Govaerts, 2005). Assessing the occurrence of onboard injury requires the stipulation of the injuries of Sri Lankan flight attendants. One policy is to use measures, which take into consideration the quantitative nature of the onboard injury (Quantifying disease in populations, n.d.). The purpose of this assessment is to apply epidemiological concepts to critically review this given article. A vivid cross-sectional study was executed among Sri Lankan flight attendants. All flight attendants experiencing their annual physical condition and first aid preparation were encouraged to participate. Flight attendants who flew incessantly for a six-month phase prior to data compilation were incorporated in the study sample. Flight attendants experiencing preliminary training before their primary flight (novel recruits) and flight attendants who had not flown for 6 months (such as following childbirth) were kept out from the study (Agampodi, Dharmaratne and Agampodi, 2009, p. 2). The sample was not derived from a proper random sampling. It comprised of batches of flight attendants employed in the identical time period in dissimilar years. Diversities in training procedures could influence the result of the current study. Another restriction was recall bias. Accounting of injury is reliant on recollect, which count on individual traits, rigorousness of injuries and impact of the i njury on the individual (Agampodi, Dharmaratne and Agampodi, 2009, p. 4). Epidemiology is the study of how frequently ailments take place in

Explain the differences between globalization and modernization Essay

Explain the differences between globalization and modernization. Explain why people are migrating all over the globe Is this migration based on economics, politics or social changes - Essay Example According to He, the modern societies are considered healthier and wealthy and people in the non-developed countries are willing to adapt western culture and lifestyles since it is considered modern (p 242). It is evident that societies that are considered modern have a higher quality of life due to efficient transport infrastructure, higher income levels, quality healthcare and better education systems (He 244). Globalization and modernization differ in many aspects since globalization is mainly spearheaded by global economic integration while modernization is spearheaded by social development of the society. Globalization influences the international division of labor, allocation of capital, and national power thus leading to inequalities among the nations. In this case, modernization is a global process while globalization is just one of the phenomenon of modernization, but the two have no direct connections (He 240). Globalization has been influenced by the deregulation of national economies, formation of international trade and finance organizations, and intensity of competition in domestic markets that has forced the firms to expand to foreign markets. On the other hand, modernization is driven by the desire to attain higher standards of living, social-cultural shifts towards information and technology and higher education levels (He 245). Globalization is a deliberate process that is undertaken by the national governments through trade agreements and political agreements while modernization is a transition process that takes place due to technologies discoveries that forces society to move from agricultural to industry society and finally to a risky society that is characterized by diversity and individualistic culture (He 247). The transition to a modern society will lead to changes in perceptions on family, religion, politics and economy since modern societies are regarded

Response Week 11 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Response Week 11 - Essay Example As noted from this event, he does not only have a lot of money and techniques to bribe law enforcement officials from both sides of the border, he also has supporters who are not hired by him. It is not hard to see why ordinary Mexican citizens would be supporting him if he has been keeping their streets safe from other drug cartels members. This just shows the level of insecurity that the Mexican citizens are facing, since they would rather have a drug lord protecting them than law enforcement agencies. This also proves that it would be hopeless not to have El Chapo extradited to United States. Even though most people who have lost their loved ones to death because of this man are happy to see him behind bars, Salazar is right to point out of the harsh reality. This man is still too powerful. Supposedly the Mexican government manages to extradite him, which I believe is necessary, there will still be a problem. As noted by Patricia Adler, Peter Alder and O’Brien (2012), page 390, the war on drugs exists because people fail to see their harmful effects. This means that even if both governments decide to sentence him to death, drug smuggling, human trafficking and people will still be killed by other drug smugglers. When a CEO from a company gets fired, the company does not stop its operations because other CEOs get hired. As much as the two governments want the man gone for good, it is important for law enforcement agencies to remember one thing. The solution to the war on drugs is ultimately a structural one where people will learn that they are part of what it takes to defeat the war. Hastings, D. (2014, February 27). Hundreds march in Mexico for release of drug lord Joaquin El Chapo Guzman. New York Daily News. Retrieved from

Quiet Plant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Quiet Plant - Essay Example Apparently, such rare earth minerals such as cerium and neodymium. However, the process of producing them has severe implications on the environments besides risking the lives of the employees who work in such plants. Countries like China take the risk and permit their companies to operate without regarding the environmental implications of such companies a feature that influences the rarity of the minerals and their high costs. The two minerals are important and lucrative products in the modern economy owing to their significance in the manufacture of smartphones and their accessories. The sale of rare earth minerals is a profitable venture with China enjoying a lion’s share of the global market. However, the companies engage in some unethical operations as they strive to influence the prices of the minerals. Most of the companies induce shortages for the minerals by stopping production. The resulting shortage causes the prices of the minerals to soar thereby safeguarding the profitability for the companies that process the minerals. The large multinational corporations that operate in the processing and sale of the minerals often collude to influence the supply of the market. As the demand grows, they resume production with the minerals enjoying higher prices. Besides engaging in the price manipulation games, the companies engage in unfair labor relations with their employees as they expose their employees to the dangerous working environment as their interactions with hazardous chemicals.

Speaking Tests Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Speaking Tests - Assignment Example The OPI is a face-to-face or telephonic interview that consists of three phases: a warm-up phase, a series of level checks and probes, and a wind-down phase. This is one of the most widely accepted tests for speaking ability and is used by government agencies (The Defense Language Institute, The Peace Corps), testing institutions (Educational Testing Service) and the Federal Interagency Language Roundtable. There are many advantages to the OPI system of testing. It is easy, quick and apparently accurately forecasts the degree to which a foreign-speaker will be able to communicate in English. Unlike written tests, it actually tests English speaking ability which, as with all languages, is completely separate from the ability to read and write. The test can be performed quickly and the tester can interview multiple people in a single session. This is particularly importance within the context in which this test is often given. Thus graduate students from foreign countries are often given the test before they can perform grading and/or teaching duties in American universities. Resources for such testing are limited, and so the ability for one tester to perform multiple tests in one day is vital. There are, however, detractors who ... Basically, Messick suggests that the OPI tests do not actually represent real-life conversations. Part of the problem with OPI tests are that they do not really reflect the sheer range of speaking that occurs in actual life. Thus there is monologic speaking (one person), dialogue speaking (two people) or multiple speakers, such as in a meeting with several colleagues. The OPI tests tend to test only one of these: the dialogue. As Brown (2003) and Bonk (2003) have suggested, some speakers do better with dialogue and some with discussion activities. A test that tests one over the other is bound to be somewhat limited in its scope. Another basic problem with this type of test (although it may in fact be shared with all speaking tests) is the variability of the interviewer and his/her affect upon the test results. Each interviewer will have a unique speech style, pattern and intonation that may help (or hinder) the interviewee (Brown, 2003). Thus the test result may be seen as a co-score reached by both the tester and the subject, rather than an accurate measure of the non-native sp eaker's communication prowess. This tendency may be countered by careful training of the tester and the equally careful process of self-evaluation and objective supervision which must occur. Within one center periodic test interviews can be undertaken in which the same candidate is tested by all the testers (with suitable renumeration of course) and the tests and then compared. If test results vary too much from the mean then some additional training etc, is perhaps needed. As McNamara (1997, 2002) suggests, the more educated, skillful and eloquent the

Quiet Plant Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Quiet Plant - Essay Example Apparently, such rare earth minerals such as cerium and neodymium. However, the process of producing them has severe implications on the environments besides risking the lives of the employees who work in such plants. Countries like China take the risk and permit their companies to operate without regarding the environmental implications of such companies a feature that influences the rarity of the minerals and their high costs. The two minerals are important and lucrative products in the modern economy owing to their significance in the manufacture of smartphones and their accessories. The sale of rare earth minerals is a profitable venture with China enjoying a lion’s share of the global market. However, the companies engage in some unethical operations as they strive to influence the prices of the minerals. Most of the companies induce shortages for the minerals by stopping production. The resulting shortage causes the prices of the minerals to soar thereby safeguarding the profitability for the companies that process the minerals. The large multinational corporations that operate in the processing and sale of the minerals often collude to influence the supply of the market. As the demand grows, they resume production with the minerals enjoying higher prices. Besides engaging in the price manipulation games, the companies engage in unfair labor relations with their employees as they expose their employees to the dangerous working environment as their interactions with hazardous chemicals.

Change and Culture - Case Study 2 Research Paper

Change and Culture - Case Study 2 - Research Paper Example The change might be in the process done individually or by team, in which it requires adoption and flexibility to succeed in coping with changes. During 1990s, healthcare organization suffers from abrupt changes which require the role of middle managers in the status of restructuring. The change that the healthcare organization wants to create is the restructuring of the job elements to make the work environment more motivating which is called job redesign. Job redesign is an ongoing process which entirely depends on the cooperation of its workers in delivering for a satisfactory input (Cronshaw & Fine, 2003, p. 320). This is often the move if the organization wants to reduce and cut the cost of work force without affecting the demand of product or services and have the employees give their best (Strong, 2010). This work process is not simple in the healthcare organization and it needs a thorough assessment because if it is not carefully planned it might lead to a decreased clinical quality, reduced patient satisfaction and increased staff turnover (Murphy, 1996, p. 1). So that the high demand of services in the healthcare organization will be met even if there is a reduction in force, the administration will be using the universal worker to alleviate staff shortages. These are healthcare providers that are more flexible in different assignments and will provide better services without facing difficulties. The main thrust of this paper is to present the steps on how job redesign is being done. Healthcare organizations always seek for what will be the best in terms of its patient care delivery (Singleton, 2002, p. 505). The restructuring of quality, cutting of cost, and patient care delivery is dependent on the input of its staff members. Most often, resistance is present in the process especially in changing of roles and relationships. Also, this paper gives emphases on the structures and communications used by Peter Senge in its learning

Electronic Commerce Essay Example for Free

Electronic Commerce Essay Introduction: E-Commerce is basically using the Internet to either buy or sell goods and it has been revolutionizing the way business is controlled. In recent times Internet has evolved so huge it has lead to development of lots of new web based technologies one of them, which is most used, is E-Commerce [1]. Online shopping is an example for the most used forms of e-commerce, which companies like Amazon or eBay offer. E-Commerce in Modern Business: Nowadays businesses that do not have an EC model have started adapting automating all the manual operations overriding it by e-commerce, since every person would want to save time and money, and these 2 factors are very important in a person’s life. Consider a person who wants to purchase a laptop, he does need to go to a store physically to buy it, he can buy it online within minutes, the laptop company would already have an online shopping website, the person can just browse for available laptops which contains all the information regarding the product right from color, weight, configuration, hardware and software’s, best part is he can also change the configuration online as he wants. Few companies offering online shopping are Dell, Apple, Hewlett Packard, Lenovo and many more. EC gives the people the added advantage to compare various products with one-click, they can either buy or sell their products. Usually sometimes people might not find all the brands in one particular store and now since EC has evolved to an extent where most of the brands offer online shopping a person is not limited to a geography and also M-commerce which is basically using wireless devices or handheld devices to do online transactions. M-commerce has been growing exponentially over the years. Smartphones is the new trend, people started creating Apps for their business, which can be accessed through mobiles, everyone can easily use the App on their smartphone to buy food, clothes, book flight/train/bus/cab etc. It is more  like people can buy anything from the device on the go if they have Internet [1]. E-Commerce in Social Media: Social media has really changed the way we communicate it has replaced all the old age types of communications like writing post cards or letters. Internet has a big role in this change; people use social platforms like Messages, Watsapp, Twitter, YouTube or Facebook for communicating. Many people have still have a doubt how would social media increase the sales of a business. It is simple since almost everyone uses some kind of social networking platform for communicating; these platforms really bring awareness, they showcase daily deals as advertisements, people can keep a tab on the latest products releasing from a brand, business use celebrities to endorse their brands, customers can directly interact on these platforms with others and can discuss the plus or minus of a product or a service [2]. So businesses can setup up an advertisement on a website or social platform to promote their product. Feature for a person or business to promote a product or service ranging from 5$ per day to 100$ per day, based on the payment the audience for the advertisements will be higher. Most of the social networking platforms make money through advertisements. LinkedIn one more social platform for professionals where people from various companies meet and greet each other, participate in technical or non-technical discussions, but one feature where e-commerce is involved in LinkedIn is, it offers a premium profile for users in which a person will have access to apply for more number of jobs and recruiters have full access to post a new job, search for people who need a job or who are considering a job change. This way EC has a very important role in social media too. International Barriers for Success of EC: 3 International Barriers to EC which and their role in EC’s success, one of them is no limitation to Geography. In an e-commerce model when the website  offers shipping to not only domestic places but also internationally, it really helps increase the revenue [3]. Consider a product like Cordless Warming Tray, which is available in America but not available in countries like India, so if anyone wants it, buying the product is easy, any person can purchase the item online through Amazon and enter his/her international address for shipping. E-commerce websites also offer an option for faster shipping if the person needs a product immediately for which the person should pay a little more for the shipping costs. Business are now seeing the opportunities in international markets and have started their business setup’s in those countries, like Amazon did in India recently investing 2 Billions dollars and Uber too a cab service business which is based out of America also started its business in India and few other countries. Success of EC can be calculated here by the increase in revenue from international markets. Only few companies are offering this kind of non-limitation to geography like Amazon, Barnes and Noble etc. Organizations that only offer shipping fewer countries include The Limited, J-Crew and few others. Second type of international barrier is language, considering most of them speak English there might be a section of people who do not speak, read or write English. So to offer e-commerce for those people or to those areas/countries e-commerce websites started adapting their software or website in such a way that a user who has no knowledge of English would be able to search for any product he wants without the need to type in English, he would be able to do it in his own mother tongue and the price of the product is shown in various currencies which would help buyers to easily compare the price. In this type of barrier the number of users base for each company increases which ultimately increases the revenue too. Since now EC model would not only have customers from places who speak, read or write English but also from places where they can use their local language to buy or sell goods, this is very healthy in the EC model. Third type of barrier is for a successful EC model is Legal battle and Infrastructure, as we talked about no limitations to geography and language, so when a company sets up a EC model in different countries the first and foremost thing they will need to comply with is the legal rules of that particular country. Following the rules and regulations legally would really help a company offering EC to run their business smoothly without any issues or hiccups. There have been lots of issues for few companies offering EC in various countries, consider Facebook which is a most used social platform all over the world had to fight for legality issues in few countries since people’s information was visible for everyone. One more example would be Google Earth, which faced a lot of criticism and legal issues and is now banned in India, since it was very helpful for some organizations, which are under the radar of military forces. There are success stories like Amazon, EBay and many more who have been successfully doing their business in different countries. These companies have setup their websites domain separately for each country. Like www.amazon.com is used globally, www.amazon.au is used in Australia, www.amazon.in is used in India, these sites have their own infrastructure setup to control the load of users. Since EC systems should be available 24*7 for them to gain the users reliability and confidence also because users are all across the globe they cannot afford to lose business, they need to have their website up and running all the time. To establish that they need to have heavy configurations, storage and network bandwidths and a team of technical experts who would have the capability to stop hackers from attacking their websites and access risk management techniques well before anything unusual happens. To sum up EC has been growing and will be growing exponentially in today’s and tomorrow’s business, since the ease of doing business has become very easy and as discussed time and money are important which can be saved from EC. Social media the main way of communicating with each other has also benefited from EC in a big way, since billions of users use this platform the revenue generated from the social media advertisements has made some of the start up companies like Google and Facebook to grow from a small scale companies to one of the biggest branded company and revenue generating companies all over the world. The international barriers have also as discussed added up to the success of EC. There might be limitations to EC like security issues and protecting the website or software from hackers but  it all depends on the organization on who attentive they are, how good their staff is in preventing such kind of attacks from happening. REFERENCES: [1] Turban, E, King, D (2012). Electronic commerce 2012: A managerial and social networks perspective, (7th ed.). Prentice Hall, New Jersey, USA. [2] R. T. Wigand, (1997), â€Å"Electronic commerce: Definition, theory, and context,† The Information Society, vol.13, no. 1, pp. 1–10, New York, USA. [3] Farhoomand, AF; Tuunainen, VK; Yee, LW, (2000), â€Å"Barriers to global electronic Commerce: A cross-country study of Hong Kong and Finland, vol. 10 n. 1, p. 1-40, Hong Kong.

Van Goghs Starry Night: Analysis

Van Goghs Starry Night: Analysis Introduction â€Å"Starry Night† is one of the most popular canvasesin modern-day philosophy along with being one of the most simulated and pursued after images. This painting was done by Vincent van Gogh when he was at an asylum in Saint-Remy in 1889.It is said that this painting is a view out of Van Gogh’s asylum window. The painting shows swirling clouds in a starry night and a bright crescent moon, overlooking perhaps a village. This shows a contrast between the bright night sky and the silence of the village which is supposed to be Van Gogh’s hometown Netherland. The painting also consists of a cypress tree which is typically found in graveyards . This might have something to do with the artist’s perception of the inevitability of death and how close it is on Earth. Starry Night is just one example of Vincent Van Gogh’s numerous painting which show night life, from which it can be presumed that the artist loved night time. Vincent van Goghs art is generally observed by criticizers as Early Post-Impressionism. The artist was inspired by the innovative ideas of Paul Gauguin and Camille Pissarro, and wanted to bring out something innovative of his own because their works were being called repetitive and limiting. In his asylum, Vincent van Gogh was not allowed to paint in his room on the second floor. He was given a separate room and some charcoal and paper on which he used to do his work and then improve it later. Van Gogh used to write about his painting to his brother however, there does not exist a particular reason for the creation of this painting as the artist only wrote about Starry Nights twice. A letter to his brother contained the following words: â€Å"This morning I saw the country from my window a long time before sunrise, with nothing but the morning star, which looked very big,† This is a very vague statement regarding the painting, hence the reason for its creation remains unknown. I, as a night lover myself, feel very strongly about the painting Starry Nights. The imagery of clouds painted in a swirling motion create a magnificent affect and brings out the beauty of the night which can only be seen from the eyes of a true lover of night time. I am particularly impressed by the unique use of colors in the painting. Which most people’s perception of the color of stars would be white, Van Gogh has painted them a bright yellow, and yet they appear to be a beautiful shining sight. 2. Body Vincent van Gogh was going through a serious medical condition at the time he painted Starry Nights. This might be one of the reasons why his brush strokes are very thick and prominent in the painting, which give a sever sense of drama in the painting. His brush strokes have an unrelenting rhythm, which creates the illusion of the image being in motion. Moreover there is a certain consistency in his procedure that adds extra depth to the work. The most prominent shapes in the painting are of the circular motion in which the stars and the clouds are portrayed. Normally, clouds are never given the shape of circles in painting but in Starry Nights, Van Gogh has shown them as swirling clouds forming a perfect circle and appear to be in motion. The stars are also painted in a circular form, rather than the typical pointed star form. This results in the painting looking consistent as the stars and the clouds are both circular shapes. The main sources of light in the picture are the luminous stars and the hemispherical moon. It is evident that the artist had a passion for night life, as the painting shows a silent village resting underneath a dominant sky. All the light sources are present in the sky as compared to in the village at the bottom. The darkness is reflected in the village at the bottom half of the painting. It represents how gloomy the world looks as compared to the bright night sky. Moreover the cypress tree is also a dark figure in the painting. As cypress trees are mostly found in cemeteries, this element of the painting is meant to show a connection between life and death and how close they are. Hence this is one of the darker elements of the painting. In Vincent Van Gogh’s Starry Nights, there is a dominance of the color blue which is visible in the sky as well as in the village shown in the bottom of the picture. The artist’s strange use of colors is sometimes associated with his medical condition, perhaps he might have been a patient of lead poisoning or a kind of brain disease. Van Gogh’s use of yellow and white to represent the stars draws the viewer’s attention to the sky. Perpendicular lines for example the cypress tree and church tower gently disintegrate the structure without withdrawing from the influential nighttime atmosphere illustrated in Starry Night. The reflection of the moon is shown by streaks of dark blue and greens, complemented with a touch of mint green. The houses of the village in the painting are small blocks of greens, oranges and yellows with a hint of red towards the left of the church. The bright blue colors of the sky are carefully balanced by the orange of some of the elem ents of the night sky. The rich colors used in Starry Nights are used to portray emotions and show the real love of night time of Van Gogh. Starry Nights was created in June 1889. It is made on a canvas of height 73.7 cm and length 92.10 cm. Oil paints have been used for this painting. Starry Nights can be characterized as a landscape painting as its main focus is the natural element the sky. This oil painting is framed and is currently owned by and displayed in New York in the Museum of Modern Art. One of the various interpretations of Starry Nights by Van Gogh is that it is a depiction of hope. Van Gogh has shown that even in such a dark night, the sky is illuminated by the bright shining stars, which can be seen as a ray of hope from the silent village underneath. The sky is filled with shining stars that show that even in complete darkness, there is a light to guide you. Van Gogh had been severely sick at the time he made this painting. We can assume from his work that he was at last being treated of his sickness and he saw a hope of a new life, which he so masterfully illustrated in his painting. Also, the cypress tree shows that he knows death is inevitable but when it does come, it will give him eternal peace. Van Gogh mentioned the painting to his brother in a letter, in the following words: I should not be surprised if you liked the Starry Night and the Ploughed Fields, there is a greater quiet about them than in the other canvases. Later in the same letter, Vincent van Gogh referred to a book by Leo Tolstoy â€Å"My Religion† and talked about its lack of belief in resurrection. This shows how Van Gogh was at war with himself regarding the topic; he could neither accept that death was coming, nor was he able to completely forget about it. Concluding, it can be said that the night sky made him feel at peace with himself and calmed his heart. (Artble, 2014) Conclusion: It can be concluded from the analysis that Vincent van Gogh was a nighttime lover and saw the inner beauty in the night sky which people usually overlook. He has communicated from the painting that night time is not just about darkness; it can sometimes be so illuminating and can contain a ray of hope which leaves the worldly things looking dark and dull in its comparison. The painting also contains a link between life and death which is present there due to the artist’s ill health and his knowledge about death being inevitable. Though he was not looking forward to it, he had accepted the idea that death might be coming soon and he would eventually have to come to terms with it. http://www.artble.com/artists/vincent_van_gogh/paintings/starry_night/more_information/analysis

Black Americans Essay -- American History

Black Americans Black Americans are those persons in the United States who trace their ancestry to members of the Negroid race in Africa. They have at various times in United States history been referred to as African, coloured, Negro, Afro-American, and African-American, as well as black. The black population of the United States has grown from three-quarters of a million in 1790 to nearly 30 million in 1990. As a percentage of the total population, blacks declined from 19.3 in 1790 to 9.7 in 1930. A modest percentage increase has occurred since that time. Over the past 300 and more years in the United States, considerable racial mixture has taken place between persons of African descent and those with other racial backgrounds, mainly of white European or American Indian ancestry. Shades of skin colour range from dark brown to ivory. In body type black Americans range from short and stocky to tall and lean. Nose shapes vary from aquiline to extremely broad and flat; hair colour from medium brown to brown black; and hair texture from tightly curled to limp and straight. Historically, the predominant attitude toward racial group membership in the United States has been that persons having any black African ancestry are considered to be black. In some parts of the United States, especially in the antebellum South, laws were written to define racial group membership in this way, generally to the detriment of those who were not Caucasian. It is important to note, however, that ancestry and physical characteristics are only part of what has set black Americans apart as a distinct group. The concept of race, as it applies to the black minority in the United States, is as much a social and political concept as a biological one. Blacks Under Slavery: 1600-1865 The first Africans in the New World arrived with Spanish and Portuguese explorers and settlers. By 1600 an estimated 275,000 Africans, both free and slave, were in Central and South America and the Caribbean area. Africans first arrived in the area that became the United States in 1619, when a handful of captives were sold by the captain of a Dutch man-of-war to settlers at JAMESTOWN. Others were brought in increasing numbers to fill the desire for labour in a country where land was plentiful and labour scarce. By the end of the 17th century, approximately 1,300,000 Africans had landed in the New World... ...r education for blacks, and for the first time black students began to appear in colleges that had previously been all white. In the 1970s the percentage of blacks attending college increased markedly, but in the 1980s blacks lost ground. Although desegregation of the public schools in the South proceeded slowly for the first decade after the Brown v. Board of Education decision, by 1969 school districts in every state were at least in token compliance with the 1954 ruling. By that time all forms of de jure segregation had been struck down by the courts. De facto school segregation continued, however, in large part because the communities the schools served were segregated in their residential patterns. This was particularly true in large urban areas and more prevalent in the North than in the South. One method adopted to overcome such segregation was to bus children across school district lines in order to achieve racial balance in the schools. This caused major controversy and led to instances of violent opposition . The overwhelming majority of black children now attend formally integrated schools, although they may have little contact with white pupils even within the schools.

Readings on Sexuality and Racism :: Sexuality Sex Racism Racist Essays

Readings on Sexuality As I begun to read chapter four I thought that it would be one of the most interesting and informative for me. The further I got in to the reading I realized I couldn’t relate too much of what was said. The first concept I chose was a basic for the chapter, sexuality is not instinctive but learned from our families, our peers, sex education in school, popular culture, negotiations with partners, and listening to our own bodies. I have never thought about my sexuality in that way. As I read I was asking myself, where did I learn to be so sexual, where did it come from? I never realized what I had learned along the way or who from. The second concept I found interesting was that of the word â€Å"vagina.† As the book has said, for many women the word vagina is associated with shame, embarrassment, and silencing, even violation. As I remember I saw a version of The Vagina Monologues at Portland State a few years back and as comfortable as I thought I was with my gender and sexuality I did feel embarrassed. I felt a little ashamed, but as the production went on I found it entertaining. I grew more and more comfortable as the play went on. I also found interesting V-Day College Initiative, a nationwide project to celebrate women and oppose sexual violence. I have never heard of this â€Å"V-Day,† a day for women to come together. One fact I found very interesting was that of the law passed in the state of Alabama on the ban on the sale or distribution of vibrators and other â€Å"devices designed or marketed as primarily useful for the stimulation of human genital organs.† Politics, religion, and other social institutions put limitations on women’s sexuality and sexual expression. It’s not fair for old men passing these laws to tell me what I can and cannot do with my own body; it disgusts me and it hard to think that it still happens today. The third concept happens to be a definition that struck me as interesting, virgin. The word virgin did not originally mean a woman whose vagina was untouched by any penis, but a free woman, one not married, not bound to, not possessed by any man. A woman who is sexually and socially her own person. Why has that definition changed into something held to such high standards?

Effect of Electronic Media on Children Essay

The media has demonstrated otentially profound effects, both positive and negative, on children’s cognitive, social, and behavioral development. Considering the increasing exposure of children to newer forms of media, we decided to review the current literature on the effects of media on child health both in the Western countries and India. It is widely accepted that media has profound influence on child health, including violence, obesity, tobacco and alcohol use, and risky sexual behaviors. Simultaneously, media may have some positive effects on child health. We need to find ways to optimize the role of edia in our society, taking advantage of their positive attributes and minimizing their negative ones. We need to understand better how to reverse the negative impact of media and make it more positive. Key words: Media, Child, India. ne of the notable changes in our social environment in the 21st century has been the saturation of our culture and daily lives by the mass media.

A Triple Bottom Line Analysis of Malta Essay

1.Introduction The Republic of Malta is located in the Mediterranean Sea. It is an independent country, which includes the islands of Malta, Gozo and Comino, covering an area of 316 square kilometres. The Republic of Malta has a population of 417,617 (National Statistics, Demographic Review 2010) most of who live on the island of Malta. Appendix 1 shows that tourism in Malta started to grow in the late 1960’s with visitor numbers increasing from 47,804 in 1965 to 334,519 by 1975. By 1980 visitors numbers were up to 728,732, with the tourism industry aimed at attracting the mass market. (Lockhart, 1997) The latest tourist numbers stand at 1.3 million. (National Statistics, Tourist Departures, 2010) As with many Mediterranean islands Malta’s tourism has been historically focused on mass tourism, sun, sea and sand package holidays resulting in the neglect of historical cultural and environmental impacts. (Dodds, 2007) The rapid development of tourism in Malta combined with the high number of seasonal visitors has lead to number of impacts. These impacts can be accessed using the triple bottom line approach developed by John Elkington in reference to the economic, social and environmental impacts. (Elkington, 1997) 2.Issues When identifying the issues that Malta is facing, the principles of the Cape Town Declaration, Agenda 21 and the context of Responsible Tourism have been used as point of reference as well as a number of official reports, including the State of the Environment Reports (2002, 1998 and 2005 and Malta’s National Report to the World Summit on Sustainable Development (2002). On the basis of this research the following issues have been identified. 2.1Economic Issues 2.1.1Pressure on the island infrastructure The rapid development of the tourism industry in Malta has resulted in insufficient consideration and planning being given to the country’s infrastructure. Malta is a small island, yet its infrastructure, as previously mentioned now has to support its own population and the 1.3 million tourists. Despite the growing numbers of tourists, inadequate investment into the country’s infrastructure is still not in place. This is a common issue in many resorts; infrastructures are unable to cope with the intensity of tourist visitation at peak periods of the year (Mathieson and Wall 1982) Malta’s roads are of poor condition. With congestion, noise and air pollution being an issue. The water supply, waste management, beaches and visitor attractions are stretched to capacity in the summer months each year when visitor numbers are at their peak. 2.1.2Seasonality of visitors Tourism in Malta is very seasonal, with the majority of incoming tourists arriving in the May to October period. In 2005, 68.4% of tourists arrived during these months, with 47.8% arriving during the months of July and September. (Appendix 2 shows Malta’s Tourist Departures 2001-2005) This shows that tourist densities in Malta are very high during the peak season. In recent years the total number of tourists amounted to almost three times as much as the resident population. (Briguglio and Briguglio, 1996) 2.2Social Issues 2.2.1Employment Malta’s tourism industry operates 12 months of the year; the seasonality causes issues for the Maltese citizens as employment within the tourism sector in not full time. High tourist densities As previously mentioned, Malta has a densely populated country. The influx of visitors who arrive during the busy peak season, cause overcrowding and congestion, putting increased pressure on the already strained infrastructure. This creates discomfort for the local residents. (Briguglio and Briguglio, 1996) as they are unable to use the local transport, visit places of interest or go to the beach. Damage to historical places is caused through frequent visitor numbers with many of the important locations being in a state of decay 2.3Environmental Issues 2.3.1Rapid increase in building work Building of tourist accommodation in Malta has increased at a very rapid rate as a result of intensive development in certain areas (Briguglio and Briguglio, 1996). High rise concrete hotels have replaced the traditional Maltese houses, losing local culture and character. The increased construction work and development of the tourism industry as had a negative impact on the environment, as not enough commitment has been shown to the protection of the important habitats. The quarrying itself has an environmental impact, land degradation and dust pollution. The waste products left after construction, such as rubble, are not currently recycled, and are often dumped. (A Sustainable Development Strategy for the Maltese Islands, 2006) Also most of the buildings are not energy efficient, causing wasted energy and increased co2. Renewable energy has not been incorporated into many of the properties. 2.3.2Waste The sewage network in Malta is heavily taxed by the native population alone. (Briguglio and Briguglio, 1996). The high number of tourists increases this problem. This has had several knock-on effects including foul smells; bays having to be closed for swimming due to sewage pollution, degradation of flora and fauna as well as damage to the coastal and marine life. Certain areas of Malta remain characterised by high levels of littering and dumping. (www.mepa.org.mt/ter08-resources+waste). 2.3.3Water Freshwater remains a scare national resource in Malta, particularly during the peak summer months due to the increased population density and arid climate. (www.mepa.org.mt/ter08-freshwater). Hotels use large amounts of water for swimming pools and watering gardens, which adds further pressure to the limited supply. Malta has a high dependence on desalinated water, which is expensive to produce both from an economic and environmental point of view. Leakages from the distribution network are a problem as is the quality of the drinking water. 3Priorities The main issues identified by the triple bottom line analysis of Malta are with the rapid development of the mass tourism sun, sea and sand market, consideration was not given to the country’s infrastructure. Future planning had not been put in place as to how the country would deal with high numbers of visitors during the summer months, and what environmental effects this would have on the country. The priorities focus on the issues which need to be addressed. 3.1 Investment in infrastructure Tourism is important to Malta’s economy, it is therefore of the upmost importance that the infrastructure is improved, so that it is able to handle growing visitor numbers. Upgrade of the roads is necessary; if the roads were in improved, it would reduce the congestion and noise problem, making the visitor experience better as well as being a much needed improvement for the local people. 3.2 Development of tourism product during the off peak season Malta currently depends heavily on the summer mass-tourism sun, sea and sand market. During the summer its visitor numbers are reaching capacity. Attention needs to be given to reducing seasonality through further development, education and marketing of the other facilities and attractions that Malta have to offer, encouraging existing summer visitors and potential new visitors to stay during off-peak season. This would benefit the local economy and the local people through full time employment, if the visitor numbers are spread throughout the year, local people would also not have the issue with overcrowding of local attractions. Finally the natural resources would also be better off if demand during the summer was less. 3.3 Water and waste improvements Water supply and waste management systems need to be addressed The sewerage system needs to be addressed, currently most of effluents into the marine environment, which continues to have a detrimental effect on the environment as well as health threats to people using the sea. Littering, noise, clean water, lack of greenery and open spaces are among the factors that have an impact of Malta’s natural heritage and negatively influence the competitiveness of the overall Maltese product. If these matters are improved the experience for the tourist would be enhanced and the quality of life of the Maltese people would be enriched.  Both are essential to sustain the current tourism industry, and looking forward, these systems need to be invested in, if the tourism industry is to continue to grow. 4.Conclusion Mass tourism cannot continue in Malta, as it has in other Mediterranean destinations, who have more space and resources to support such visitor numbers. Maltese Tourism must find a balance between increased tourism numbers with the needs of the local residents and the environment, so going forward it becomes more sustainable. Creating better places for people to live in and for people to visit. (The Cape Town Declaration, 2002).

Pablo Picassos Guernica of 1937 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pablo Picassos Guernica of 1937 - Essay Example The essay "Pablo Picasso’s Guernica of 1937" investigates the Guernica. It is a painting done by Pablo Picasso in the year 1937. The Guernica over the years has gained monumental status and has also served a constant reminder of the mayhem at that particular time. Evidently, the painting was first exhibited in Paris and was placed under the care of the Museum of Modern Art. Notably, in 1981 after the country had attained full liberation the painting was delivered to Spain and displayed in Madrid (Picasso, 123). On the contrary, this particular paper strives to analyse the painting into detail with the aim of determining through the images portrayed, the theme and the setting of the work of art. Furthermore, the paper also delves to document the purpose for the creation of the painting in relation to the time that it was done. Notably, the subsequent sections of this paper will also highlight the relevance of the work of art in our society today. First and foremost, since the p ainting was done during the war period in Spain, the work of art definitely is an anti-war painting. On the same point, through the championing of the aftermaths and suffering of the war, the painting serves to advocate for peace and address the suffering of the people particularly the innocent victims. On the other hand, the overall setting of the painting is within a confined room in which at the left open end, a wide-eyed bull stands over a woman who is mourning her child who is in her arms. At the centre of the room, a horse’s demise.

Banning the Use of Cellular Telephone Devices while Driving Essay

Banning the Use of Cellular Telephone Devices while Driving - Essay Example In line with this matter, a study shows that there is a strong correlation between the use of cellural phone devices and risk of collusion while driving. (Redelmeier & Tibshirani, 1997) Since the use of mobile devices while driving could significantly distract the attention and clear vision of the drivers, the number of individuals who experience death and serious physical injuries from car accident remains high each year. Use of Cell Phones can cause Distraction while Driving The use of cell phones could significantly cause distraction on drivers while driving. In line with this matter, the research study that was conducted by Utah Psychologists reveal that individuals who have formed the habit of using their mobile phones while driving is similar to 0.08 percent of alcohol intoxication in blood which could impair the drivers’ ability to drive. (The University of Utah, 2006) For this reason, either the use of hands-free or handheld cell phones has been equally considered a major cause of distraction on the driving performance of each driver. Based on the actual experiment that was conducted by Strayer, Drews, & Johnston (2003) with regards to the use of hands-free cellural phone and driving, mobile conversation could impair the drivers’ reaction to vehicles in-front of them because of inattention blindness. Given the fact that cell phone conversation could also impair the explicit recognition memory of the driver for road signs and billboards(Strayer, Drews, & Johnston, 2003).

In relation to customary international law, what are the difficulties Essay

In relation to customary international law, what are the difficulties involved in determining State practice and how is it possible to separate State practice from opinio juris - Essay Example Center of discussion in this paper is International Law as the body of laws, precepts and regulatory principles that govern relationships between states on the world stage. As states interact with each other in worldly affairs, a political, economic or financial business situation may be created whereby there is a disagreement or difference of viewpoint or even rules of conduct. As a result, one or both state entities may feel cheated and may either decide to settle their differences amicably with one another on agreed terms, resort to aggressive tactics like wars and embargoes or appeal to internationally recognized institutions like the International Courts of Justice and the United Nations Organization to solve their problems. For example, the UN last year has intervened to monitor the situation in Libya arising from the formation of opposition groups seeking to overthrow the corrupt and decadent regime of Col. Muammar Gaddafi. It passed Resolution 1970 on February 26, 2011 under which it condemned the escalation of violence in Libya, noting the loss of lives and heavy civilian casualties that defined crimes against humanity and the civilian population. It demanded a ceasefire and cessation of violent activities, ensuring safety and security to both citizens as well as foreign nationals. It also pressed for safety of the media which was instrumental in bringing information as to the actual situation on the ground. Among other things, the adoption of this resolution resulted in an arms embargo, the creation of a no-fly zone and freezing of assets as recommended by a high level Committee created in the aftermath of the Arab League meeting and the Organization of Islamic Conferences on the situation. Thankfully, the situation is now returning to normalcy since Gaddafi has been deposed and killed and the rest of his family is either in exile or has been arrested or killed. At the present time, the world community especially European and US officials have asked t he Security Council to pass a similar resolution against the regime in Syria, considering the nine month crackdown on protestors in which thousands have been killed or arrested. In terms of Lord Denning’s definition, given at the judgment of the case of Trendtex Trading Corp v Central Bank of Nigeria (1977), International Law may be described as ‘the sum of the rules or usages which civilized States have agreed shall be binding upon them in their dealings with one another’. It is primarily concerned with the behavior of States, and comprises the body of principles, rules and customs recognized as binding obligations by sovereign States and international entities. Higgins points out that ‘it is a system of normative conduct that States consider obligatory to follow’ and as may be formally defined by various conventions and agreements published by the United Nations, the

Black Segregation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Black Segregation - Essay Example In the year 1954 the Court of United States pronounced its verdict as concerns the landmark case of Brown v. Board where it provided that the racial segregation of children based on the rule of â€Å"separate but equal† as directed by the provision of the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson that was later overturned was considered as an infringement of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The Supreme Court hence declared the separate educational facilities as essentially unequal and unconstitutional. The ruling on Brown v. Board of Education case helped to combat the activities of the state in funding and facilitating aspects of segregation that had been corroding the ethical codes of the society. It also served to give the civil movement groups a voice and motivation to fight for the rights and privileges of the discriminated groups (Renzulli, 2006). In history, the root cause for the segregation of blacks and whites in America dates back to the mid 19th century. It primarily began with the passage of Jim Crow laws after the Reconstruction Era ended. These laws were largely common among the southern states but later spread to regions of the Southwest. The separation was primarily ascribed to various aspects of public life as well as in learning institutions and other public facilities and resources. Jim Crow laws hence prohibited blacks from sharing schools, churches, restaurants and other public amenities with their white counterparts. The Supreme Court of America in the ruling on Plessy v consequently upheld this law.

DEATH Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

DEATH - Essay Example He does this as a gesture of remembrance, to hopefully keep his brother from focusing on the negative aspects of him being away, and instead remember the fond times the two of them had shared in the car. When Henry finally leaves, the car seems to be the only comforting semblance for Lyman, of the times they had spent together. The images of a healthy, happy Henry are embodied in the spirit of the red convertible, and these special memories are what keep Lyman from digressing into sorrow. Some of the relaxing and content thoughts Lyman conjures up are ones where they had no specification of destination, during the summer when there were traveling in the car. â€Å"We took off driving all one summer,† and the story goes on to show how happy and at peace they both were, finding spots in areas where they felt â€Å"so comfortable†, Henry is depicted as feeling at ease enough to fall, â€Å"asleep with his arms thrown wide† (Erdrich 2002). Lyman continues to grasp onto these visual memories he brings up, in anticipation of those same feelings for when his brother will finally return. The car itself is what symbolizes the bond between the two of them, even with a gre at distance of separation dividing them. Finally, Henry returns home in the story but it’s obvious he has changed; things are just not the same. â€Å"Henry because quiet and restless† (814). Often he secluded himself and although he was there, his mind seemed to be somewhere else. It appeared war and the white mans culture had taken its toll on him and all that was there for him was ugliness. This is evident in the story when, one night they all gather around the dinner table and beforehand, Henry has bit down into his lip so hard from frustration that he sits with blood dribbling down his chin, theorizing how badly he wanted to be done with American ways, in his mind and in his life (817). This is representative

Conceptual Analysis 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Conceptual Analysis 3 - Essay Example Sowa instigates that diagrams are simplified figures that convey intended message in a simple manner without using many words (John, 1984). In his work he describes several diagramming techniques that are very relevant in conveying messages in a simplified manner. There are many diagramming methods including flow charts, entity relationship, data-flow, and object oriented diagrams (John, 1984). This paper will analyze several diagramming techniques. Data-flow technique is a means of representing information or a system regardless of the level involved using symbols that show the flow of data, network of data, data processes and data stores. The main purpose of using data flow technique is to provide a systematic between users and system developers. Using data flow charts has a variety of advantages. The first advantage is that it reduces the amount of words that would have been used in explanation of the intended message. The second advantage is that data flow representation builds a systematic way of disseminating information. It shows the logical sequence of the data being represented. Thirdly, it represents the information in a hierarchical manner, showing every details of a system at any level. Fourthly, it is user friendly in that it allows users to understand the information being represented and gives the user an opportunity for review. They are diagrams used in object oriented models. They help in definition of machines that have a number of states. These machines receive events from external environment and the events drive the machine in rotation from one state to the other. This kind of diagramming technique helps in giving the explicit definition of a machine and its behavior. One feature that makes this technique unique is its ability to generalize states. This ability allows the factoring of common transitions. State models are suitable when describing

Sport in school Essay Example for Free

Sport in school Essay Sport at school should NOT be compulsory. Sports training and PE take up time that could be better spent learning other subjects, and PE and Sport are not as important as other subjects like maths, science etc. It is also my belief that it students should have the right to choose whether or not we do sport/PE, because we are allowed to choose the subjects that are more important, so why are we not allowed to choose whether or not we do sport? Every year in PE, we do the same sports and the same practice drills, so after year 7, there is no point continuing to do PE, because the you are just doing the same things that you have done in previous years. 2 periods per cycle are spent on PE, 2 periods which could be spent on subjects like foreign languages, which are only allocated 4 periods per cycle or English or Science, which get 5 periods per cycle. These subjects are more important than PE and time the two periods given to PE would be better used if distributed to these subjects. As well as PE, we spent up to 3 hours a week at training and another 3 hours on Saturday for competition. Can you imagine students academic performances if we were to spent 6 hours a week doing homework or study? And it is not only the actual time you are at training that counts, because often, after training you are tired and cannot be bothered to do homework or study, again dragging down our academic results. If sport was optional, then the people participating in the teams would be the people that wanted to be there, the people who wanted to play and win. But instead, there are people in the teams who are not interested in the sport, not interested in winning and are only there because they have to be. These people drag down the team and ruin the sport for those that want to be there.

Fantomina by Eliza Haywood | Analysis

Fantomina by Eliza Haywood | Analysis The actions the young lady in Eliza Haywoods Fantomina in her desire to find a sexually and emotionally stimulating relationship demonstrates the difficulty of relationships between men and woman in the eighteen century. My lady such- a-one, as she is referred to by Haywood takes the roles of many different women to repeatedly seduce a man named Beauplasir. For the most part of her new identities, Fantominas creative ideas resemble her increased desire for Beauplasir and her initial curiosity becomes reflected upon her need to change her identity in order to recapture Beauplasirs attention. Fantomina enjoys the fact that her disguises allow her do anything that she wishes, although, she seems to not think of the idea that a relationship between an upper class man and a low class woman is not very lasting and that her actions will eventually make herself the author of her own story. Fantomina is a high quality mistress in the eighteenth century and because of her social position she has many restrictions placed upon her. She is not allowed to carry out a conversation of any type with a person of the opposite sex, nor is she allowed to pursue them. These behaviors were unacceptable in Fantominas society; therefore, women were supposed to have chaperones who were to protect them from men and also to make sure women behaved appropriately. Fantominas recognition of a familiar face down below the balcony where she is sitting at reawakens her interest for Beauplasir whom she she has before seen, but because of society she has been unable to pursue him. However, because men were different from women and had the freedom to do anything they wanted to, Beauplasir is allowed to leave the balcony and pursue women. Fantomina is fascinated by the dalliance between respectable gentlemen and loose women of the town. This excited a curiosity in her to know in what manner these c reatures were addressed. (Haywood, 2739- 2740). Although, Fantominass actions seem intentional her new identity originates all from curiosity in her pursuit to sustain Beauplasirs interest. Fed up with her restrictions, Fantomina decides to change her clothes to hide her real identity. It is here where Haywood reveals the restrictions on women of high social standing and the decisions of who belongs to what social position. In this case, clothing puts Fantomina in a lower social standing, even more, her new identity is that of a prostitute. Now as a prostitute, Fantomina is able to pursue Beauplasir without any restrictions as he is unable to recognize her new identity. In preparation to her encounter with Beauplasir, Fontamina puts on her new identity and while with Beauplasir she resists him at first because she is worried about her reputation. At this point, Fantomina is concerned about her moral actions, but her desires can do more now because that is what she has been looking for. This of course, confuses Beauplasir because thats what prostitutes are expected to do and in the end a prostitute gets paid in return. Fantominas first disguise as a prostitute is all out of curiosity, but her imagination was so much talented that she had the power to change her appearance as she pleased. As Fantomina changes character, she modifies her behaviors to align with his expectations. ( Anderson 2005). The quote describes Fantominas admirable skills in manipulating the situation for her own benefit. As expected, Beauplasir grows tired of Fantomina and this is where she takes on her new identity to continue to follow him. Now as Celia, a low class woman she becomes Beauplasirs maid, a new identity that becomes a bit more important than the one before because of social status .As her seduction continues she feels that she has become attached to Beauplasir and she cant let go of him she spends much of her time coming up with new ideas to seduce him. Her actions become a little emotional, but at the same time she intelligent as she is willing to go even further to maintain her sexual relationship with Beauplasir. It seems that what had started from curiosity has now turned into a passion that reflects her deepest emotions. Her consistent ability to perform means that she repeatedly creates a space in which she may express her emotions. (Anderson 2005). In a sense, Fantomina feels that she belongs to Beauplasir since he has taken her virginity and she attaches this to the fact that she now struggles to maintain her honor from being publicly exposed. Fantominas now passion for Beauplasir leads her to go even further in her seduction attempt. This time, as the widow bloomer she becomes a little more vulnerable and portrays herself as weak. At one point, the widow fakes a sudden faint and allows Beauplasir to carry her off to bed. This proves that Fantomina is very calculating and her actions are being consistent with the character she assumes to be. In doing so, Fantomina believes her different roles are a source of power and freedom, but also her ability to succeed in her new role taking. Although, the role that she takes on for the most part is powerless because she gains nothing from it, she has quite effectively succeeded in making Beauplasir believe that he has been sleeping with different personas. In her last disguise as Incognita, the significant thing they have in common is class and as the encounters continue, it seems that Fantominas actions are driven by pure lust. Incognita its Fantominas last attempt to seduce Beauplasir and it ultimately fails just as her other disguises. Despie Beuaplasir being desperately curious to know who she really is he never shows real interest in maintaining a relationship with Incognita because in the end he has nothing to gain from a woman who demands that her identity never be revealed. This culminates with Fantominas realization that Beauplasirs real interest for her has been to satisfy his own sexual needs as he never remained faithful to her for the simple fact that he slept with the same person thinking he had been with four different women. Croskery describes that, the heroine of Fantomina experiences one of her deepest moment of internalization at the precise moment when she becomes conscious of herself as an object of someone elses d esire. ( Croskery 2007). Through Beauplasir, the reader realizes that women are nothing but trophies and toys that are to be played with. Ultimately, Fantominas various identities accomplish nothing; they do serve to reveal how lustful Beauplasir is as well as Fantomina whether she acted on curiosity her real intentions remain ambiguous. Unfortunately, Fantominas creative disguises only satisfy her sexual desires, but never create a long- lasting relationship with Beauplasir which results in her own betrayal. Fantominas pregnancy becomes her true story in which she has lost everything including her reputation. Sources Cited Anderson, Emily Horgdson. Performing the passions in Eliza Haywoods Fantomina and Miss Betsy Thoughtless. Eighteenth Century: Theory and Interpretation 46.1 (Spring 2005):1. Literary Resource center. Web. 1 December 2012. Croskery, Margaret Case. Who is Afraid of Eliza Haywood. Literary Critiscism from 1400- 1800 4.4 (2007): 967-980. Literary Resourse Center. Web. 1 December 2012. Eliza, Haywood. Fantomina: or Love in A maze. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Ed. Stephen Greenblatt and M.H. Abrams. 9th ed. Volume C. New York: W.W. Norton, 2012. 2739-2758. Print. Potter, Tiffani. The Language of Feminised Sexuality: Gendered Voice in Eliza Haywoods Love in Excess and Fantomina. Womens Writing 10.1(March 2003): 169-18. Academic Search Complete. Web. 26 November 2012. Thompson, Helen. Plotting Materialism: Eliza Haywoods Fantomina and Feminine Consistency. Eighteen Century Studies 35.2(Winter 2002): 195-20. Academic Search Complete. Web. 26 November 2012.